Susan Glaspell s A Jury Of Her Peers And Flannery O ...

The oppression of women has occurred all throughout history across the world in the thousands of years that patriarchy has existed. During recent times as social standards have progressed, the voices of women are heard more often than long ago. Nonetheless, it is often overlooked that women of decades before used their voices in other ways in order to speak out against oppression. One of the ways these women did this was in their literary writing. Despite the progress made today to stand up against oppression of women, there is much that can be learned by looking back at problematic situations portrayed by women writers of the 19th and 20th centuries. Out of all of the texts written by women only three will be discussed; Rebecca Harding Davis’s Life in the Iron-Mills, Susan Glaspell’s A Jury of Her Peers and Flannery O’Connor’s Good Country People, in which specific symbols are used as representations of the ways in which women were oppressed and how impor tant it is to study these texts today. By narrowing down the number of literary texts to three as well as discussing only one literary device from each, one can begin to understand the importance of learning about the American women’s literary tradition. Beginning with Rebecca Harding Davis’s Life in the Iron-Mills, readers can find within the text a clear oppression of lower class peoples that is also an indirect oppression of women as lower-class individuals. Davis tells this story with a man named Hugh Wolfe as her main

The Popularity Of Malaysian Architecture - 1230 Words

For many centuries, Malay houses were almost exclusively built using wood. Though these intricately designed wooden houses are disappearing fast, quite a few of the kampung residences still bear its proof. Many of the stilt houses of the country are still built using tree trunks and rattan as well. Malaysia has an abundance of premium quality teak which partly explains its preference for wooden homes. Even such regal structures as Malacca Sultanate Palace were built using high quality wood. Advantages and disadvantages of using timber There are some very good reasons for such widespread popularity of timber. Properly seasoned high quality timber can be extremely durable. It is highly conducive for modular structures, which is another reason of its popularity in Malaysian architecture. Most the earliest buildings of the country used to be highly modular in nature and sometimes no nails were used in the construction process. It has great insulating capabilities. Wooden houses remain cool in the summer months and comfortably warm in the winter. It is a sustainable construction material and as suited for the classical structures as the contemporary ones. It also boasts of an exceptional versatility. No other material can be so successfully utilised for forming the basic structure of any residence as well as designing highly detailed furniture and decorative features. The unique colour and texture of various species have a beautifying effect on the interior and exterior of ourShow MoreRelatedThe Epic Of The Ramayana887 Words   |  4 Pagesconsequence, it sparked a tradition of works comprising of royal courts and Hindu temples. The Ramayana s popularity spread throughout Southeast Asia during the 8th century, symbolizing literature, architecture, and theatrical acts. Hence dramatic enactments of this epic poem, named Ram-lila, occur across Indian and around the globe. 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The slopes repaired by the soil nailing are basically in short distance but it is strong enough to hold the slopes from collapse to the ground and affected buildings, structures, roads and people. According to Chow (2006), the popularity of soil nail slope is due to its technical suitability as an effective slope stabilisation method, ease of construction and relatively maintenance free. 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Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagestend not to be the frontiers of the past with their low but rapidly expanding populations. Where new frontiers have become occupied in the late twentieth century, such as the Brazilian, Peruvian, and Ecuadorian Amazon, new plantation areas in Malaysian and Indonesian rain forests, and the dry areas of Tibet and central Asia, family agriculture has been less productive and more difficult to sustain ecologically.60 Almost three-quarters of international migration today flows to economically developed

Reflection Paper About Love Free Essays

I know I’m too young to fall in love. I’m too young to say I found the right one. But there is really a moment in our life where we can say that we already found the one we would like to spend our forever with. We will write a custom essay sample on Reflection Paper About Love or any similar topic only for you Order Now The only one we wanted to love until God takes our breath away. January 14, was the happiest day of my life. Happiest, because it is the day where I found my peace of mind, my happiness, my one and only and my other half. I know that it is really weird to say that I am so madly, truly, deeply and passionately inlove with her, but I can’t really deny it, because I know deep inside my heart, it is true. I really love her so much that I can’t find the right words to describe my love for her. Whenever I’m with her, it feels like I can do anything. And I’m so confident, because I know that person accepts me as I am. Not like the other people, who expects too much on me, and criticizes my wrong doings. She accepts my mistakes, and everything. She is my strength to go on and continue my everyday life with love in my heart. She serves as my inspiration to strive harder and study more than I usually do. She is my everything. I would do anything just to prove that I really love her. Words will never be enough to say how much she means to me. I never felt like this before. It’s like, I don’t need any other because I have her who completes me. I feel so contented and I’ll never search for anyone else. Even if I can find someone who is better, still I will choose her. Maybe my someone is not perfect, my someone have a bad side, but no one will be like her because that someone is the only one in my life and in my world. If only I can build a world where we can spend the rest of our lives together at this moment, I would. Because I never wanted to be without her. It is weird if I say that that someone is my life because I know, I had lived 14 years of my life without that someone. But as time passes by, she really became my world, my life and my everything. I can’t be myself without her and if she walks away in my life, I will be empty. She has been out of my life many times, but as they say if someone walks out of your life and returns, it is for yours to keep and take care. So that’s it. We will never be broken again, because this time I will take care of what we have so that until forever, we will still be together and I will grow old someday in her side. I can’t wait for the day where I will wake up and sleep beside her. Everything will be perfect as long as I’m with her. There are things I want to say to that someone and I want to write those things here in my last journal, because when I got into college, I know that I will miss doing this so I want to make this last Reflective Journal of mine to be so special like my someone who is so special to me. Dear You, If you’re reading this Rj of mine, I just want to say thank you. Thank you for those times you made me happy everytime I’m sad. Thank you for being my strength every time I feel so weak. Thank you for fulfilling my life. Thank you for everything. THANK YOU, REALLY. Thank you for being mine. Thank you for giving me an opportunity to love you, I promise I wouldn’t waste this chance that you gave me. Thank you for trusting and loving me, in return, I will love you everyday, every hour, every minute and every second of my life. You are that someone who inspires me, who gives me reasons to hold on, to fight, to be happy, to strive harder, to be better of what I am now. I dream high because of you, because of us. I never wanted you to leave me. i really love you. I am so thankful that God has given you to me, for me to take care of. For me, to love†¦ I still remember the first time I heard your name, it’s so unique. From that day on, I said to myself that I will know you. And when I saw your face, it’s like I saw an angel come down from heaven. Your face has this beauty that captured my eyes. You had me the first time I glanced my eyes on you. Seeing you smile from apart makes me smile. You had my attention but I am afraid to go near you, because in that same time, somebody owned me. Somebody had my heart, but you have this appeal my eyes couldn’t resist, because everytime I see you, my eyes would just follow you and I’m glad that you didn’t notice it. I still remember the first time I told you I love you. You said you love me too. I am so happy, so happy that I couldn’t explain how overflowing my happiness is. You make me happy, in your simple ways. You make me happy by just being a part of me. Part of me, that I will always love. Part of me, that I will never forget. You are a part of me, that no matter what happens, will always be in my life. We were not perfect couples, but we’re happy. I have found a new reason to smile again. I found it in you. Everytime I think of describing how much I love you, my mind goes blank. I don’t know why, but I just love you. And when I think of reasons on why I love you? I go speechless. But one thing I know is for sure, I love you so much babe. I love you. I won’t give up on you. And i hope that we’ll be happy for the rest of our lives, with each other†¦ You mean everything to me babe! I love you. And I always will. * The one who will love you forever, Babe14 How to cite Reflection Paper About Love, Papers

Grog Bowl Script free essay sample

The History of the â€Å"Grog Bowl† Formal military dinners are a tradition in all branches of the United States Armed Forces. In the Air Force, Navy, and Army it is the Dining-In; in the Marine Corps and Coast Guard it is Mess Night. The Dining-In is rich in tradition and the Dining-Out is similar in all aspects to a Dining-In. The major difference is that the Dining-Out includes spouses and guests. As with most ancient traditions, the origin of the Dining-In is not clear; formal dinners are archaic in nature. From pre-Christ Roman Legions, to second century Viking warlords, to King Arthur’s knights in the sixth century, feasts have been used to honor military victories and individual and unit achievements. Some trace the origins of the Dining-In to the old English monasteries. The custom was then embraced by the early universities and eventually adopted by the military with the advent of the officers’ mess. We will write a custom essay sample on Grog Bowl Script or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page With the implementation of the Dining-In by the military, these dinners became more formalized. British soldiers brought the custom to colonial America, and then George Washington’s continental army imitated the traditions. One of the most traditional parts of a Dining-In/Out has been the â€Å"Grog Bowl. † The history of the â€Å"Grog Bowl† has become obscured with time. However, it is believed that during the years of the westward expansion, Cavalry Troopers would share their spirits with one another thereby ensuring that all fellow troopers had something.

Lord Of The Flies Essay - What Evil Lurks In The Heart Of Jack Essays

Lord Of The Flies Essay - What Evil Lurks In The Heart Of Jack? By Sean Rioux The novel Lord of the flies by William Golding presents and defends a theme that human nature is essential evil, and that a person removed from society will be allowed to let their evil instincts to manifest themselves as the person becomes increasingly savage. In this novel, Golding presents a character (Jack) who takes on and exemplifies this transition to savagery through out the course of the book as the evil inside him is set free. We see Jack, who at first cannot even kill a pig caught in the creepers, fall deeper in deeper into his savage ways as his killing of one pig, and his focus on the hunt turns to bloodlust. Then as it progresses his bloodlust begins to drive more than just the hunt for food as he leaves the dead as sacrifice for the beast, and he begins to turn his violence out towards the other boys, not just his pray. As a final decent into the evil that has consumed him the pray becomes one of the boys as Ralph is hunted with the intent to kill, sacrifice and possib ly even eat in an act of cannibalism. Before the evil began to grow in strength within Jack, he was a boy much like the others and like the others he found the concept of killing another living thing was not something easy to digest, but Jack learned. How ever hard it was for Jack to first kill a pig, spilling its blood on his bare hands, once he had first killed another living thing his path towards evil and savagery was well one its way. Early on in the novel we find Ralph, Simon and Jack walking through the forest when they come across a small pig tangled and caught in the creepers. Although Jack does have a knife with him his hesitation combined with the overwhelming reality of the situation keeps Jack stunned in his place and the pig escapes untouched. Jack swears to himself and the others that he will kill the next pig and this pressure to perform to prove himself a true and worthy hunter, leads him to obsession over the hunt. To Jack the hunt becomes more than just a game, or a source of food, it becomes his mission, duty and purpose on the island. When Jack makes his first kill he is spellbound by the power of life and death he exerts on the pig and is fascinated by the warm blood that pours from the wound he cuts to slit the pigs throat. Now the hunt has become something more for Jack as lust for blood begins to stir in him and the hunger for that feeling of power over another beings mortality grows. The others on the island begin to take interest and excitement in the hunt as Jack has provided meat, and the draw of the hunt and its bloody gore begin to stir in the other boys. This acts as a catalyst to the fall of the brittle society Ralph protects as the boys through Jack see the chaotic and savage game of the hunt and the prospect of more meat far more amusing and pleasing than even getting home. Jack denies the importance of the fire or shelters suggesting he is in complete obedience to the draw of the hunt, and the inherent evil that comes with. Cruel as slitting a pigs throat may at first seem to Jack, as the lust for blood that stirs in him begins to escalate, so does the power of evil deep within him, and for Jack the hunt becomes that much more lust full and primal. As Jacks grasp on the forgotten reality he left behind fades away, the new more savage ways of his tribe of hunters begins to shape a culture around the evil of the island. Jacks kills, as time passes become more and more brutal and without mercy as he begins to loss any morel structure or compassion for other living beings. When hunting one day he manages to track a sow with young still suckling at her

Using Animals in Research is Not Justified essays

Using Animals in Research is Not Justified essays According to Baldwin Elizabeths report the population of chimpanzees has drastically come down from 2,000,000 to 150,000 chimpanzees. On the similar lines, number of rabbits has declined from 3,000,000,000 to mere 1,500,000. Today, millions of animals are used in research, because of which not only chimpanzees and rabbits population are dropping down, but also other animals like dogs, mice, sharks, pigs, etceteras population are dropping down. In the United States, in many cases of Scientific Research, animals are used to test out specific products that are yet to become consumer products; usually the testing is for other medical purposes. There is a recurring argument of whether or not using animals in research is justified. Many people, usually scientists believe that animal testing is justified. However, I beg to differ because humans and animals are too different to make animal research any useful for humans, animal testing is cruel and unjustified, and animals too have moral rights. The reason for first argument has been rightly explained by Kowalski Kathiann, according to whose article, thousands of chimpanzees bred in the 1980s for AIDS research because 98 percent of chimpanzees have same DNA that humans have. However, researchers discovered that, unlike humans, chimpanzees do not develop AIDS, when they are infected with the HIV virus. Even animals whose DNA is similar to humans are not reliable test subjects because they may not react the same way. Similarly, the injectable contraceptive Depro-Provera was banned in the U.S over 20 years ago on the basis that it caused cancer in dogs and baboons, but recently that ban has been lifted because it was discovered that Depro-Provera did not cause cancer in humans. I, like most people, am also against practices of using animals to determine if cosmetic products are harmful. The negative publicity and consumer pressure surrounding these p...

Contracting and Procurement in Project Management- Phase 2 DB Essay

Contracting and Procurement in Project Management- Phase 2 DB - Essay Example ACME Development Corporation (ADC) wants to buy the scheduling tool from any software company. The first step in creating a contract is to make sure that both companies are talking regarding the identical deal, in this way when they would consequently have the same opinion to enter into the contract they would mutually agree to the similar thing. When the ACME Development Corporation (ADC) and software development company had a "meeting of the minds" as to the contract, they have to trade something of value in order to turn out a contract. Frequently Software Developer Company offers its services in exchange for the cash of the ACME Development Corporation. But forethought can take a lot of other forms, as long as every company is giving up something of worth to it to convince the other company to go into the agreement. Once both ACME Development Corporation and Software Developer Company understand the deal and recognize what kind of deliberation will be substituted by each company, then they would be ready to prepare a contract. Typically the companies disclose that negotiations are ended and a contract would be attained when the companies sign the contract. In this section I will try to incorporate contracting and procurement activities into an overall project cost and schedule. The Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) established six procedures/states for the Project Procurement Management and contracting between our company and Software Developer Company will discuss in the proceeding section in relation to our buying scheduling software and other above stated equipment. This is the first process in which we will determine the software development organization’s services and purchasing process plan. We also select the type of contract through which we will deal with other company. In the next phase we will place our contract details for purchasing the equipment and services and

English Academic Purpose Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

English Academic Purpose - Essay Example The following is a research study that focuses to establish of the various practices adopted by the English community in communicating amongst themselves and the extent upon which some of the media links are mostly favored against others. Further, the research study seeks to denote on the prevailing differences amongst the media links and the prevailing differences that favor or harbor involvement into communicating via a range of the available social platforms. The subject of social media importance in human lives is critical and the British population has consequently reflected positive involvement in the digital world of communication (White, King, and Tsang, 2011:56). Therefore, the following research study establishes on the implemented approaches to ascertain and resolve the controversies on whether the social media is beneficial or harmful to the human society, and precisely, the British society. Literature review The research study on social media shall maintain precise focus on the influence of social media. The researchers shall focus on implementing the various findings that different study samples of the research expedition denote as feedbacks to the various questions asked in the questionnaire. During the research expedition, the researchers shall focus on establishing the various social networks used, the number people using these networks and the networks that seem to be more significant to others (Richardson, Gosnay, and Carroll, 2010:34). The study shall focus on the frequency of access to the social networks, and probably the reasons for using certain media through questionnaire interviews. The figure below establishes of the prospective extend of involvement by online users upon various social sites. Fig.1 showing the marginal share difference on involvement Eventually, the study shall establish of the successes of the research expedition and depict the findings of the study process reflecting from an analysis to the questionnaire findings. F urther, the study establish an analytical approach on the study findings, employ on the methodological and recommendation approaches of social practices and the extent at which the findings suit the desired findings of the study. Finally, the research shall evaluate on the entire process of establishing whether the social media is beneficial or harmful, and the corrective measures of whose use shall lead to the establishment of appropriate resolutions. Methodology to the social media research With the prevalence and availability of the social media communication devices, the research process seemed to be applicable as the population exercising the use of social media as a mode of communication was relatively high (Poore, 2012:53). The use of questionnaires to interview the prospective sample population of study remained the most accurate tool to conducting the research as the questions did not focus on personal issues, but rather focused on general issues as to whether the social me dia was beneficial or harmful to the society (Qualman, 2011:46). Therefore, the data collection method laws primarily the questionnaire as it established precise information instead of focusing on other researchers’

Evaluating the course Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Evaluating the course - Essay Example Moreover, punctuations play an important role of ensuring that the intended information is communicated to the audience. Misuse or omission of punctuation marks could distort the intended communication. From â€Å"A Writer’s Reference,† I learnt the uses of various punctuation marks and can now use them appropriately. Even with the understanding of these rules, this course further provided knowledge on coherence in writing so as to give a flowing piece of work that arouses and sustains the reader’s interest. Generally, effective writing begins with an introduction into the topic which gives the thesis or objective of the writing. It would then be followed by subsequent paragraphs or sentences making up the body which give details to support the thesis. External credible sources provide the required information. Finally, the important points would be summarised in the conclusion where the writer gives personal perspectives and recommendations. Having successfully completed this course, my writing has greatly improved. I now give easily understandable and coherent pieces of writing and have greatly minimised my grammatical

Corporate Social Responsibility and Human Resource Management

Corporate Social Responsibility and Human Resource Management Corporate social responsibility (CSR), is also known as corporate responsibility, responsible business or corporate social performance, is a form of self regulation for the company. It acts as an autonomous mechanism whereby the business supervises its actions and guarantees adherence to law, ethical standard and international norms. The business is accountable for the results of its actions on the environment, employees, consumers, stakeholders and the community as a whole. CSR is a purposeful addition of public interest into corporate decision making. Managers face pressures to devote the resources of the company towards fulfillment of CSR which is a result of the demands of various stakeholder groups such as customers, suppliers, employees, stockholders and the local community. According to Doane D, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has become the mainstream prescription by business and governments for dealing with social and environmental ills. It is a voluntary form of self-regulation that aims to tackle everything from human rights and labour standards to limiting carbon dioxide emissions that lead to climate change. But because CSR ultimately lies within the framework of markets, and requires market-based incentives for companies to invest in such programmes, it ultimately falls prey to the vagaries of the market. (Doane, 2004, p. 215) Human resource management on the other hand refers to the management of the human resource of the organisation. human resource management plays a major part in training and conditioning the employees to fit into the organisations culture. Employees gain valuable attributes that help them perform effectively and efficiently to benefit the employers. The human resource of the firm when managed properly can prove to be valuable assets and help in gaining competitive advantage over the other firms. The human resource is not substitutable or duplicable and hence gives the company a distinctive edge over its competitors. Companies like to create a public image wherein they are viewed as a responsible part of society. They wish to, in their own way, fulfill the duties and responsibilities of a model citizen. Companies like to refer to themselves as corporate citizens, or even good corporate citizens. A review of company websites and codes of conduct presents examples such as: ABN Amro We are a responsible institution and a good corporate citizen, Boeing Good corporate citizenship is a key Boeing value, Hitachi The Hitachi Company strives to be a responsible corporate citizen in communities worldwide. Shell To conduct business as a responsible corporate member of the society. (Jeurissen, 2004:87) Some examples of CSR actions include going beyond legal requirements in adopting progressive human resource management programs, developing non-animal testing procedures, re-cycling, abating pollution, supporting local businesses, and embodying products with social attributes or characteristics. (McWilliams Siegel, 2001: 117) Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is gradually becoming a leading issue in business. A growing number of companies embraces the concept and feels the need to make clear what it actually means. They take a variety of initiatives all aimed at making sense of CSR. (Cramer, Jonker, van der Heijden, 2004: 215) A company needs to be sensitive to the social, political and legal environment as it is dependent on the elements of each of these in order to be able to survive, let alone flourish. For the better part of 30 years now, corporate executives have struggled with the issue of the firms responsibility to its society. Early on it was argued by some that the corporations sole responsibility was to provide a maximum financial return to shareholders. It became quickly apparent to everyone, however, that this pursuit of financial gain had to take place within the laws of the land. Though social activist groups and others throughout the 1960s advocated a broader notion of corporate responsibility, it was not until the significant social legislation of the early 1970s that this message became indelibly clear as a result of the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), and the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). (Carroll) The pressure on firms to engage in corporate social responsibility (CSR) has increased. Many managers have responded to these pressures, but many have resisted. Those who resist typically have invoked the trade-off between socially responsible behavior and profitability (McWilliams Siegel, Corporate Social Responsibility nad Financial Performance: Correlation or Misspecification?, 2000:607) Expectations of stakeholders not only relate to the direct transactions between parties, they now expect management to participate in the debate on societal problems (e.g. unemployment, poverty, infrastructure) and proactively think about the effects of the business on society at large. (Kok, Van Der Wiele, McKenna, Brown, 2001:285) The economic and social purpose of the corporation is to create and distribute increased wealth and value to all its primary stakeholder groups, without favoring one group at the expense of others. Wealth and value are not defined adequately only in terms of increased share price, dividends, or profits. (Clarkson, 1995, p. 112) Managers can no longer be held responsible for maximizing returns to shareholders at the expense of other primary stakeholder groups. Instead, managers are now accountable for fulfilling the firms responsibilities to its primary stakeholder groups. This means that managers must resolve the inevitable conflicts between primary stakeholder groups over the distribution of the increased wealth and value created by the corporation. Resolving conflicting interests fairly requires ethical judgment and choices. (Clarkson, 1995, p. 112) When it comes to the question whether corporate social responsibility and human resource management are linked they certainly are. One of the major responsibility of the organisation is to keep their employees happy and to treat them in an appropriate manner, the employees in turn perform better and the organisation earns profit. The money earned by the organisation as profits are utilised to carry out responsibility of the organisation towards the employees and the community. The issue of business ethics and social responsibility is thus becoming a theme for organisations which are serious in their approach towards business excellence (Fisscher, 1994; Buban, 1995; Nakano, 1999). Kok mail IMP According to Woods, definition of corporate social performance (CSP) is not entirely satisfactory (wood, 1991). The definition of corporate social responsibility in itself is not well explained and its link to human resource management cannot be confirmed. However, as we know that corporate social responsibility of a firm refers to the firms acknowledment of its responsibility to the community and its members and the society as a whole, it can be said that human resouce management and corporate social responsibility are linked as employees constitute of the integral part of the organisation and also members of the society. Hence, organisations to call themselves responsible corporate citizens they need to focus their attention on the human resource they possess and be sensible to their needs. In the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) guidelines to Multinational Enterprises, it outlines few guidelines in the General Policy for the employees of the organisation in the country they are operating. Few policies relating to the employees for the enterprise are: Respect the human rights of those affected by their activities consistent with the host governments international obligations and commitments. Encourage human capital formation, in particular by creating employment opportunities and facilitating training opportunities for employees. Promote employee awareness of, and compliance with, company policies through appropriate dissemination of these policies, including through training programmes. Refrain from discriminatory or disciplinary action against employees who make bona fide reports to management or, as appropriate, to the competent public authorities, on practices that contravene the law, the Guidelines or the enterprises policies. (OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises) To carry out the policies underlines the Human Resource management should play an active role and these policies should be accepted. The OECD mandates economic, environmental and social issues and for companies to who aspire to be good corporate citizens have to abide by the policies and this implies that there is a link between Corporate Social Responsibility and Human Resource Management. Ethical issues with regard to employment are one of the major elements of corporate social responsibility. The human resources of a company may be internal to the company in theory. However, the employees of a company are a part of the society within which it functions. It is therefore, in the best interest of the company to take into consideration, the needs of its own employees and lay just as much emphasis on the satisfaction of its own human resource as it does on that of its customers. HRM can, therefore, be linked to corporate social responsibility. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is typically defined as actions on the part of the firm that signal their willingness to advance the goals of stakeholder groups. It is the most important issue in this period of time to achieve competence in the changed world to get the dynamic equilibrium. Achieving competitive success through people involves fundamentally altering how managers think about the workforce and the employment relationship. Firms that take this different perspective are often able to successfully outmanoeuvre and outperform their rivals. (Chang, 2009) IS THE LINK BETWEEN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT REALISTIC Furthermore, in the current climate of restructuring and redundancies, companies are finding themselves more and more hard pressed for fulfilling and living up to their economic commitments. In such a scenario, companies are cutting costs by downsizing operations. This results in them having to let go of a large number of employees. As simple as it sounds, society as whole has now turned its attention towards how companies treat their employees during times when resources are hard to come by. Companies are viewed as beneficial or detrimental to society based on whether or not they can fulfill their legal and social obligations towards their own employees. It has, in fact, become more important for companies to fulfill their corporate social responsibility with respect to HRM in order to come out of the entire economic crisis with their reputations intact or even enhanced. RESTUCTURING AND REDUNDANCIES Corporate restructuring is defined as a period of multiple divestitures for larger multiproduct firms where at least 10 percent of the asset base of such firms was divested. (Hoskisson Johnson, 1992, p. 625). Restructuring refers to the change in the structure, operations or ownership of the organisation. It a fundamental change in the direction and strategy of the organisation. Restructuring may involve increasing or decreasing the layers of personnel between the top and bottom, or reassigning roles and responsibilities. Corporate restructuring includes mergers, acquisitions, take- over, tender offers etc. an organisation seeks to restructure itself as a consequence of poor performance and this results in closure of many part of the business and the outplacement or letting go of personnel. Three types of corporate restructuring trans-actions occur: (1) financial restructuring including recapitalizations, stock repurchases, and changes in capital structure; (2) portfolio restructuring involving divestment and acquisitions and refocusing on core business(es), resulting in change of the diversity of businesses in the corporate portfolio; and (3) operational restructuring including retrenchment, reorganization, and changes in business level strategies. These three types of restructuring are not mutually exclusive; and in fact, frequently occur together. (Gibbs, 1993, p. 51) Redundancies refer to the dismissal of employee by the employer. Lay- offs and job loss are very frequent in the current economic climate where many countries are hit by recession and organisations are compelled to let go of the major workforce in order to sustain and as business is not good at the current climate having many employees is only increasing costs of the organisation and they are left with no other option than to let go of their employees. When economies face credit crunch and this being an external factor, the organisations are left with no other option than to make some of their employees redundant this is the part of human resource management where companies in order to survive have to adapt very quickly and also act wisely. Recently many organisations had let go of a major part of their workforce, the workers were made redundant by organisation. Although there is a link between Human Resource management and corporate social responsibility, the link does not seem to be realistic in the current climate of restructuring and redundancies. Organisations are becoming leaner and meaner by the day. There are different examples to support this. Companies in order to survive have made a number of employees redundant or they choose another path of restructuring which also results in downsizing the operations of the company which ultimately results in employees losing their jobs. This is an outcome of the economic condition or can also be a result of organisations intension to work on towards becoming HUGE And in this course leave behind the employees who dont seem to be beneficial to the company and are not productive. Organisations change their policies due to external factors, like during the last economic downturn many companies were laying off their staff. Downsizing in companies like Citigroup, the CEO Vikram Pandit announced layoff of 50,000 employees i.e. 7% reduction in the overall workforce as the credit crunch took a toll on the financial giant resulting in panic across the company. The layoffs were due to the economic situation of the country and nothing could be done by the company than to cut off employees to survive in that market situation. Under the same circumstances Jet Airways, one of the leading companies of civil aviation in India, fired 1100 employees after the economic disaster. The employees protested against the insensitive decision taken by the companys Chairman Naresh Goyal. However shortly, the employees were taken back into the company due to political pressure put on him. The survey was conducted among top level and financial managers of Estonian companies. The managers were asked to what extent the company has cut or intend to cut the basic salaries and what other cost- cutting strategies have been implemented in the organisation. According to the results of the express survey AS PricewaterhouseCoopers conducted among the leading Estonian companies and organisations, 2/3 of the surveyed companies have made employees redundant and 1/3 have reduced basic salaries in the last 6 months. Nearly half of the respondents have cut performance pay and other monetary and non-monetary benefits. 2/3 of the companies have reduced or are about to reduce the number of employees, while nearly 1/3 have introduced part-time work or forced leave. (Lehtsaar, 2009) The results of the survey show that 66% of the respondents have made their employees redundant or are planning to do it in the nearest future. 36% of these companies have lain off employees at all levels of the organisation out of which 26% have mostly laid off unskilled employees and 6% specialists and members of management. 34% of the respondents have not reduced and are not planning to significantly reduce the number of employees in the nearest future. According to an article written in November 2008, the month of November have been fierce for the job market, almost 15000 announced job cuts from a number of companies across several industries. Eight companies announced job cuts as a means of cutting cost during desperate times. The industries ranged from retail, finance, leisure, pharmaceutical and toy and automobile manufacturing. The Labour Department reported that the U.S. economy sloughed nearly 1.2 million jobs through October. Just in the month of October, the economy lost 240,000 jobs, raising the unemployment rate to 6.5%. Circuit City (CC, Fortune 500), an electronics retailer based in Richmond, Va., kicked off the week by announcing on Monday that it was reducing its domestic workforce by 17%. The company would not comment on the number of employees that would be affected, but according to a recent 10K filing, Circuit City employs about 43,000 people in the U.S. That would mean roughly 7,300 positions are being lost, the biggest of the cuts in November so far. (Smith, 2008) The Connecticut-based insurer Hartford Financial (HIG, Fortune 500) reported 500 cuts. (Smith, 2008) Ford Motor (F, Fortune 500) was the most recent to announce job cuts, with 2,600 cuts announced on Friday. The battered auto maker said it was trying to hold on to its dwindling cash reserves as it reported a $3 billion operating loss for the third quarter. (Smith, 2008) In November 2008 companies like Circuit city, Hartford Financial, Glaxo, Fidelity, Mattel, Borgata Hotel Casino, La-A-Boy and Ford cut down jobs which summed up to almost 15000. These companies work in different industries and all have laid off their employees this directly shows that the economic downturn has affected these companies and in order to sustain they have opted to let go of a number of employees from their company. According to a study conducted by the human resources consultancy SD Worx, half of the companies located in Belgium expect to undertake restructuring during 2009. The companies expressing this view are mainly large organisations employing more than 500 employees and many are internationally owned. Domestic companies and small and medium-sized enterprises seem to be less concerned by restructuring processes. (Perin, 2009) The global economic crisis led to negative results for the Belgian economy in 2008. Furthermore, the Belgian central bank expects worse result for 2009. Between December 2008 and December 2009, a slowdown of 1.9% of gross domestic product (GDP) is expected, as well as an increase in the unemployment rate from 7.1% to 7.8%. The Central Bank forecasts a loss of 58,000 jobs in 2009. The human resource consultancy SD Worx recently published a study on corporate restructuring in the Belgian market between 2006-2009 and over the last three years 41% of the companies located in Belgium undertook a restructuring process. Unemployment in vulnerable sectors is increasing, with major consequences for qualified and unqualified manual workers. Moreover, the economic crisis also concerns other types of workers. Between the second and third quarters of 2008, the Federal Public Service of Economy, SMEs, Self-employed and Energy noted a 25.3% increase in the total number of unemployed people, while the unemployment rate of workers aged between 15 and 24 years rose substantially by 78.1%. It should be noted that September always leads to an increase in the unemployment rate of young workers as they finish school and enter the labour market. (Perin, 2009) Ciscos second quarter conference call, CEO John Chambers seemed intent on not doing what nearly every big tech company (except Apple) has done in recent weeks: announce layoffs. But while there has been no across-the-board cut, the company has shed up to 1,000 employees through realignment and restructuring efforts over the past six quarters as the company focuses more resources on more promising growth markets. And the company expects 1,500 to 2,000 of its staffers to be similarly dis-employed in this manner in the months ahead. (Burrows, 2004) The distinction the company is making is to realign the people into the best prospect and cutting jobs in bad businesses, the company looks at it as a positive application that will bring out something good for the future. The company says that it has realigned $500 million in resources over the past few years and intends to realign another half a billion in the coming months. The companys total workforce consists of 67,000 people out of which there will be a few hundred job cuts per quarter. And Cisco management is clearly not looking to layoffs as the cost-cutting measure of first resort. Chambers says the company has already achieved a one-year goal to cut expenses by $1 billion (though some as a result of those job reductions), after just two quarters. One example: travel-related expenses per employees have dropped more than 50%.. (Burrows, 2004) In the examples given above, it clearly describes that the last economic downturn left scars on many companies performance and structure. Many companies restructured and redesigned their operations leading on to making many employees redundant. Letting go of employees of a firm is not an easy task to be done but in critical situations like this companies have to make harsh decisions be it downsising their operations and letting go of employees. Companies like Microsoft, Dell, Intel, Proctor and Gamble, Walt Disney, Motorola, IBM, Ford, Boeing and many others have cut off employees. The job cuts were although a tough decision to be made, the companies had to get it done. These companies prove to be good corporate citizens as company like Dell work towards betterment of the society and are sensitive to the environment as they are determined to be greenest technology company and achieved carbon neutrality in their global operations, the company also helps customers significantly increas e energy efficiency. And others like Microsoft, intel, Disney Motorola and other are good corporate citizens and have work towards the betterment of the society in their own ways but recently they all have laid off employees amking them redundant. This clearly shows that the link between Corporate Social Responsibility and Human Resource Management is not realistic in the current climate. CONCLUSION To conclude this, it can be said that there is a link between Corporate Social Responsibility and Human Resource Management. CSR works towards the well being of all the stakeholder of the company and is responsible for the actions taken by it towards them. Employees however being a part of the stakeholder group, the companies are responsible towards them and also because they form the integral part of the organisation. In addition to this the link between them is not realistic in the current climate of restructuring and redundancies. It is crucial for the company to maintain crucial competency and while countries are facing an economic downturn they have to act in the way they are. Holding on to the employees and continuously making loses will take the company nowhere and will do no good to either the company or the employees. However in the long run the company does act sensitive to its employees and works towards the empowerment and betterment of their employees along with the vari ous stakeholder group but in recent times and what the recent research has suggested that the link between Corporate Social Responsibility and Human resource management is not realistic. WORDCOUNT: 3705

Types of Work-Based Learning Activities :: Education School Educational Papers

Types of Work-Based Learning Activities Work-based learning programs come in many forms and sizes. They may be designed exclusively for students at the secondary or postsecondary level or for students at both levels. Work-based learning programs may be schoolwide, districtwide, regional, or statewide, or they may be based on a combination of local and statewide implementation and oversight. Michigan's school-to-work system, for example, is designed and implemented by state and local personnel who work collaboratively to establish partnerships of employers, schools, labor organizations, parents, students, and community members to meet their local community needs by offering one or more occupational learning and career exposure activities (Ingham Intermediate School District [ISD] 1995a). The following forms of work-based learning are part of the occupational learning component of Michigan's work-based learning system (Ingham ISD 1995a, 1995b): - Contracted Instruction--career and technical education instruction and support services provided to students by a business, industry, or private educational agency through formal written agreements with public education agencies - Cooperative Education--programs combining classroom instruction with employment (part- time jobs during the school year or periods of study and employment alternating on a full-year, semester, or parallel basis) - School-to-Apprenticeship--work-based programs in which employers, employer associations, or employers and unions establish programs allowing high school students to participate in registered apprenticeships while completing their high school graduation requirements - Registered Apprenticeship--conventional apprenticeship programs registered with the Bureau of Apprenticeship and Training - Career Exploration--programs involving job shadowing and/or worksite mentors); - Service Learning--programs combining meaningful community service with academic learning, personal growth, and civic responsibility - Career Internships--programs in which students spend time in a business, industry, or other organization to gain insight and direct experience - Career Academies--schools typically organized around a single employer or consortium of employers in an industry, and designed to increase awareness of career opportunities within particular occupational areas and teach the basic, life, and employment skills required for jobs or further training - School-Based Enterprises--programs in which groups of students produce goods or services for sale Another possible form of work-based education is work-based tech prep, which Bragg (1995) distinguishes from traditional tech prep programs on the basis of the higher visibility of employers. In work-based tech prep models, employers help develop formal plans linking students' school-based and work-based learning directly to their career goals, they provide formal work-based experiences, and they sponsor mentors and coaches.

Disabilities

The issue of discrimination against old people and persons with disabilities is an old age phenomenon. For centuries these groups of people have had to live with stigma and many a times forced t live their lives in seclusion for instance in the bible stories are told of how leapers were forced from their homes to be beggars in the streets as if this was not enough, bells were tied around their necks so that everywhere they would go, people will be warned of their presence by the sounding bells and were required to take-off.In ancient Africa, children born with disabilities were killed and thrown away in the forest because they were considered bad one. All these treatment by the dominant groups on the marginalized groups was informed by myths. In that it was believed that people's with disability would bring bad luck or â€Å"infect† others in the community who did not have such disabilities.And for centuries this continued until the dawn of â€Å"the age of rights† wher e it came to be realized that all human beings by virtue of their being humans had all human beings by virtue of their being humans had in alienable God given rights that no man was allowed to take away (L. J. mefarlane. Theory and practice of human rights) The author went on to say about human rights†. They must be distinguished from moral rights in possessing the following characteristics (a) University (b) Individuality (c) Paramount ability(d) Enforceability This age of rights culminated in the â€Å"universal declaration on the rights of man† and the UN charter on the rights of man† This two characters then informed many bill of rights of many states in the world today including â€Å"The Canadian charter on human rights† Much though that these rights are clearly s pelt in many international and local documents on human rights the old and people with disability continue to bare the brunt of stigmatization and this surely should urgently be brought to a stop.this paper boards on the thesis that discrimination of any kind against any person and specifically the old and people with disabilities is an infringement on their fundamentals rights and freedoms as first adumbrated in the universal declaration on the rights of man. It will also compare and contrast the treatment. The international labor organization defines disability in terms of tis effect upon a persons ability to secure and maintain gainful employment.In convention 1 order 50, of the international labor organization states that a person with disability means one whose prospects of securing, obtaining and a draining in employment is induced or as a result of mental or physical impairment. A careful analysis of this definition can lead to confusion it would also means that ILO is in useful discriminative. It would also mean that old people do suffer from disability an allegation that may not be always true many old people can still work and fend for themselves without need ing employment.Disability can best and without discrimination defined to mean:-An impairment of either of either, physical, sensory or mental nature including vision, hearing or physical impairment which has a longterm effect on a persons usual day to day activities. So that given the effect that comes with old age like loss of memory, poor vision comes with old age like loss of memory, poor vision could also fall under the ambit of disability.Unfortunately even government agencies do discriminate against peoples with disabilities from how they implement program mes like adjustment orders to make the lives of these people much easier, to how they implement government policies leaves a lot to bee desired. But then should all facts that may seem to be discrimination deemed as such? Because there are actions that can pass for discrimination but may not necessarily be motivated by discrimination.A good case in point is the latimer case where latimer, a farmer who was working a spread in saskat chewan killed her 12 year old daughter Tracy in 1993. His statement to the police was such that she loved his daughter and could not watch her suffer from severe cerebral palsy. Latimas was subsequently charged with 1st degree murder which was later reduced to 2nd degree murders. justice Ted Noble broke a new legal grand by distinguishing mercy killing which is allowed anyway and cold blooded murder in so doing latrines was given a constitutional exemption.He was convicted though because he had committed a crime. Acts such as this one are not motivated by discrimination or stigma associated with having a child with disabilities but â€Å"love† in fact in the present case, the judge considered latimer as a â€Å"loving and protective parent† who wanted to end his daughter suffering. Much that latimers actions can be somehow be â€Å"excused†, why would people have to think that people with disabilities would people have to think that people with disabilit ies are constantly â€Å"suffering†, and thus the need by other people to end their suffering?why cant we allow people with disability lead independent lives? The answer again lies with the perceptions that the dominant group has people with disabilities. On the other hand the leilani must case can only be contrasted with the forgone case of latimer in the present case, Muir was a child who was unwanted and neglected by her mother an alcoholics. the mother took her to mental school at age eleven. the mother also ordered her sterilization during the sterilization she was not informed that she was actually being sterilized but she thought she was having her appendix removed.She later discovered that she could not sire children and sued. She was awarded damages. the case in point suggest that persons with disabilities should not be allowed to give birth. This is pursuant to the now repealed sterilization act of Alberta coupled with the fact that a person with disability consent is not required where matters dealing with their bodies is concerned or really outrageous and discriminatory granted the confinement of Muir led or amounted to loss of reputation, loss of libertymachinery be put in place for purposes of evaluating those considerations. Here government in as much as they are charged with the responsibility of ensuring adequate provisions for the rights of persons with disability can claim lack of adequate resources and seek to absolve themselves from liability. This again has mischievous connotations which also violate the rights of persons with disability it is note worthy therefore that the essence of budgetary provisions† is a ploy to run away from responsibility.Granted, the character would be illusory if the provisions enshrined there in could be ignored because it was convenient to the administration. But courts in Canada should be applauded since they have always held that the â€Å"considerations† cannot be used to justify violat ions of rights of persons with disabilities. In Nova Scotia V Martin it was held for instance that despite the concerns raised with respect to â€Å"budgetary considerations† defenses, the defense is raised often and primarily in the context of disability discrimination cases.Senior citizens have not been spared either and as earlier stated they may fall under the bracket persons with disabilities because old age comes with certain effects like hearing difficulties, poor visions, mental that senility comes with old age all proved by science old peoples normal participation in day to day activities all these has a close nexus as to why they are held with low opinions, that's why they are held with low opinions, that's why they are deemed to be less engaged.the myths that they are less aged could well be founded because more often than not, the senior citizens would citizens would be found in care homes where they are taken care of by welfare but this is not totally true becaus e many old people have defied age to climb the everest mountains ans so on. About mandatory retirement, this is purely discriminative because under the law much that there is a retirement age, many people of retirement age have the energy to carry on. Besides it would be tantamount to say that on attainment of retirement age, one is old and incapable of productivity.Well is sheer discrimination. this kind of draconian treatment has led to untold suffering among the persons with disabilities. For one it has led to difficulty in access to employment because they are viewed to as being not productive as compared to normal bodied persons. It has also led to poverty or likely hood of the same because many a times there people are confined. take the Muir case for instance her life was almost shuttered leading to loss of productive years, reputation besides suffering humiliation. It has also led to discontent among person with disabilities.The welfare system has also suffered given draconi an policies like â€Å" budgetary considerations† All these can also result to problems of recreation and leisure for persons with disabilities as little regard as given to them as human beings. To change their status quo, lobby groups have been formed to press for better treatment. the senior citizens and persons with disabilities have also gone against the grain to prove the system wrong e. g. Muir who went on to pass the IQ test and lives a much happier life. These groups have also sought redress in court especially invoking section 15(1) of the Canadian charter on human rights.

Comparison of Works by Stephen Crane and Allan Poe

Comparison of Works by Stephen Crane and Allan Poe Stephen Crane and Allan Poe are among the most famous authors in the world. They focus on different issues affecting the society in their works. A comparison of the stories written by the two authors portrays Crane as a better writer. He addresses realism in his stories hence the readers find it easy to relate with the stories. In addition, he focuses on factual information by telling stories that depict the real living conditions of people.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Comparison of Works by Stephen Crane and Allan Poe specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Although Crane’s stories are imaginary, the reader can picture houses and the community in ‘The Monster’ or the town of Yellow Sky in ‘The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky.’ He vividly describes the living conditions of the people in Bowery and Manhattan. He also presents a clear description of emotions in Maggie the Girl of the Streets and the The Open Boat. The quote â€Å"Formidable women, with uncombed hair and disordered dress, gossiped while leaning on railings, or screamed in frantic quarrels† indicates the realistic nature of the stories written by Poe. This statement from page 7 describes the real situation as it was. Crane has written many stories about literary naturalism. In stories such as ‘The Monster,’ he portrays an imaginary situation since the story is fictional. He acknowledges the imagination in the story by saying, The realism is painful; one blushes for mankind.† The factors described in the stories affect the characters negatively. For instance, some of them get unrewarding jobs while others die. His works depict naturalism which can be compared with realism in the sense that realism strongly opposes idealized romance. Crane is a great naturalist who tells interesting stories that go beyond their genre. Men in his stories are portrayed as people who struggle with many f actors in a destructive world. One of the qualities that make him an outstanding author is the use of imagery in his stories. The images in his works make him a respected literary impressionist. In ‘The Blue Hotel,’ Crane brings out the issue of naturalism and community very well. He tells the story of five men making up a small community in a palace hotel. They share basic necessities such as warmth and shelter but they are threatened by nature.Advertising Looking for essay on comparative literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Although they satisfy their needs, they are not able to control the needs due to the influence of civilization. He also explains naturalism by portraying Swede as a character who is controlled by the environment and nature. Allan Poe presents unrealistic ideas in ‘The black Cat’ when he writes, I knew myself no longer. My original soul seemed, at once, to take it s flight from my body; and a more than fiendish malevolence, gin-nurtured, thrilled every fiber of my frame. His Gothic works are too imaginary such that it is not easy to see the reality in them. In the ‘The Pit,’ Poe explains an unrealistic situation by saying, I was sick- sick unto death with that long agony. He was anxious about death and nobody is anxious about death in a real world. The works of Allan Poe are not as appealing as those of Crane since he is a controversial writer. He is widely known for his ability in writing gothic literature. Many readers are interested in literature that deals with issues affecting human beings in their daily lives. This is not represented in the stories of Allen Poe since most of them revolve around the supernatural. In his stories, he seems fascinated with death especially of women. His works invoke feelings of horror due to constant reference to death. In general, the stories of Crane are better than those of Allan since Crane deals with realistic issues that affect human beings in their lives.

Brothers in Arms essays

Brothers in Arms essays One of the greatest wars ever fought in our time is World War II; an ideal principle for humans freedom and equality. At a great scale, many men lost their lives and are recorded in many history books. From American to British and even Russian soldiers sacrifice their lives to stop a power of hatred against humanity. Though many are taught about the war, certain perspectives and details are often left out in our history books. In Brothers In Arms, Kareem Abdul-Jabbar and Anthony Walton writes an epic story about forgotten heroes in World War II. The first all-black armored unit to see combat in this great, devastating war. A part of history in which you will never find in any recorded books about World War II. A discrimination in which is still present in our society to not include such heroes of color. This book recognizes the valiant efforts from this all-black unit who wanted to give their lives for their country; an attempt that will lead to the desegregation of the American military. This book presents a perspective from an all-black unit that went through discrimination from their training and even throughout the war; a fundamental story that should be included when World War II is mentioned. In the beginning of the book, the authors record about certain individuals that have close relation to their families. They focus mainly about these three individuals: Leonard Smitty Smith, William McBurney, and Preston McNeil. These heroes are introduced and summarized about how they joined the Army. Smith and McBurney wanted to pursue into the Air Corps, in which they would be denied because of their color. They would all eventually sign up for the Army and be assigned into the 761st Tank Battalion. These significance individuals would go through an intense training physically and mentally. Blacks were characterized as inferior in military tactics and equipment, so they would prioritize their skills to beyond sup...

Gift Exchanging Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Gift Exchanging - Essay Example What actually this gift is It's a transfer or exchange of something voluntarily usually give to express one's love, solidarity, to express gratitude etc on any special occasion i.e. wedding, birthday, Christmas, anniversary, birth, father's day, mother's day etc The basic purpose behind this exchange of little things is to make your loved ones feel special and to make them feel that you care for them. But according to some people they are important in insecure relations. According to Caplow, Theodore. 1982. Christmas gifts and kin networks. Sociological Review, "What the ethnographic literature on gift giving does suggest is that ritual gift giving in any society is a method in dealing with relationships that are important bur insecure"1 Well now the culture has become advanced and as a result the gift exchange is no more a one way process but has taken the form of cycle which involves obligations to give, to receive, and to return. Endorse may exist to induce people to give, disapproval or loss of prestige resulting from a failure to do so. We can call it a moral norm but it varies from country to country for instance in Taiwan gifts like gold pen, imported liquor, gifts related to base ball, perfume, magazine subscription and anything high-tech is appreciated . In western world exchanging gifts in holiday seasons is a custom and if you become fed up of exchanging gifts people will suppose that you are a selfish person. Christmas gifts are other important features of American society. According to Caplow, Theodore, 1982 " Relationships with kin being more valued then other affiliations, it is not surprising that so much efforts goes into reinforcing them by ritual gift giving"2.. (Christmas gifts and kin networks. Sociological Review) In Japan you have to give a gift to a person in order to show respect, friendship or appreciation and in case you are meeting a person for the very first time it is necessary to exchange gifts. Moreover it is considered a rude behavior to give a gift to an individual in a group and ignore others. Another interesting fact about Japanese gift exchanging culture is that they avoid giving gifts in sets of four as the word "four" in Japanese is "shi," which is also associated with the word for death and pens are considered to be the very appropriate gift for your colleague. In Korea gifts between business associates are considered as the symbol of appreciation and the presenting expensive gift is a custom but don't present an expensive gift if the receiver is not financially strong enough to return the gift of same worth. 4 numbers is considered unlucky in Korea as well. Koreans Give and receive the gifts with both hands. Korean opens the gift in the presence of the one who presented them the gift. Chinese people often avoid exchanging expensive gifts. They avoid giving gifts in odd number as they relate it to loneliness and separation. Umbrellas and Clocks are also not considered as good gifts in Chinese civilization. Taiwan had even more interesting custom that is they avoid giving gifts with a label "made in Taiwan". They also avoid giving clocks, sweat cakes, umbrellas, scissors, mirrors, fans and hand towels as well. Business gifts are also very popular in Taiwan's culture. Moreover it is customary to reciprocate a gift with one of similar value. Numbers also play an important role in selecting gifts for example: in china 8 and

Major Greek philosophers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Major Greek philosophers - Essay Example length response to appropriately expound upon; however, for purposes of this brief question and answer essay, the enumerated philosophers will be limited to the three most influential classical Greek philosophers Aristotle, Plato, and Socrates. Plato’s â€Å"Republic† deals specifically with the definition and discussions relating to the idea of justice. Although such a topic may seem rather narrow, Plato seeks to discuss each and every aspect of morality and justice as it applies to the individual as well as within the apparatus of the city/state in question. Similarly, Plato’s work â€Å"Apology† is Plato’s own version of the speech that was given by his idol and mentor Socrates with relation to the charges brought before him with regards to â€Å"corrupting the youth†. In this way, the work itself can be seen as an autobiographical analysis and retelling of the way that Socrates sought to defend himself through the rhetoric of his words and the speech he gave before the rulers of the city. Ultimately, the charges that Socrates faced dealt with casting doubt into the minds of the young with regards to the gods that the individuals within the culture so fervently believed in. Building upon Plato’s earlier work with regards to the â€Å"Republic†, Aristotle, his student, wrote a work entitled â€Å"Politics† which called into question the way in which political philosophy and ethics were two inseparable terms that must be understood jointly in order to draw inference onto the way in which Greek society ultimately worked. As the title implies, the root Greek word of â€Å"Polis† is used as a means of giving the title of the work the underlying meaning of â€Å"things ultimately related to the city†. The similarities are of course the importance that key attributes of goodness and virtue play in whether or not a given system will itself be functional and ethical. However, going beyond merely answering this question, Aristotle’s work sought to detail the

Building Lasting Customer Loyalty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Building Lasting Customer Loyalty - Essay Example The variable that drives customer loyalty the most is price. A company that has been able to build tremendous customer loyalty because they offer better price than the competition is Wal-Mart. A lot of customer supports private label brands because they offer greater value than national brands. The quality of the product is another important variable when a company is trying to build customer loyalty. Customers are willing to pay more for products of higher quality. Three additional variables that drive customer loyalty are location, selection, and service. Companies that are able to achieve customer loyalty obtain lower customer switching, increased profitability, and great word of mouth advertising. Six key elements of customer loyalty are: a) build on the foundation of a brand; b) use price to communicate a fair value; c) engage customers with great customer experience; d) recognize good customers; e) reciprocate customer loyalty; f) build intimate relationship with best customers (Bradner, 2007). If your customer has a business that offers items that your company uses it is a good idea to purchase from them to support the business of a client that is providing you with revenues. Marketers must pay close attention to their top customers to ensure customer retention of these key clients. Four types of loyalty tactics are price, experience, programmatic, and relationship loyalty. In the airline industry a company that has had success by offering low fares is RyanAir. s. Programmatic loyalty provides companies with discount and tcalled BK rewards that offers its customers a 5% credit towards the purchase of future food items. In the service industry having a good brand experience is very important to achieve a higher level of customer retention. Chapter 21 Summary The business world has become more interconnected than ever due to faster communication, transportation, and financial flows. The story of Red Bull is a great example of a company that was able to suc ceed in the foreign markets. Today Red Bull has penetrated over 100 countries worldwide. Corporations hold most of the wealth of the world. There are 200 companies that have more money than a quarter of the world’s countries. In 2003 international trade accounted for one-quarter of the U.S. GDP. A global industry is an industry in which the strategic positions of competitors of major geographic or national markets are affected by the overall global position. An example of a global industry is petroleum due to the fact that the majority of the automobile worldwide are powered by gasoline. A global firm is a firm that operates in more than one country. Five major decisions in international marketing are: 1) deciding whether to go abroad; 2) deciding which markets to enter; 3) deciding how to enter the market; 4) deciding on the marketing program; 5) deciding on the marketing organization. Many international markets offer opportunities to achieve higher profitability than the do mestic market in which the companies operate. Expanding into international market allow companies to achieve economies of scale. It also helps companies reduce their dependency on one market. When a company gets attack by international competition a good strategic option is to counterattack by penetrating the domestic market of the international competition. Prior to penetrating a foreign location companies must identify the risk involved with the decision. The company might not understand the foreign nation business culture. The regulation of the country must be understood prior to establishing a presence in a location. For example the environmental laws of the country might impose additional cost the company was not incurring in its domestic marketplace. The four

The Downfall of a Dictator Essay Example for Free

The Downfall of a Dictator Essay Ferdinand Marcos, the man who would be President: his was a story of success. It was a long, arduous climb to the highest office in land. He worked hard to achieve it. It was not an easy road – there were frustrations, obstacles, and public scandals along the way. But he made it. Despite seemingly irreversible defeats, he fulfilled what he promised his mother: â€Å"For every tear you shed now, there will be victory.† (People Power: The Philippine Revolution of 1986) Ferdinand Marcos: The unforgettable among the Presidents of the Philippines, even over the world, then and now. When we here this name the first thing that always come to our mind is Marshall Law or the dictator. In Marcos time corruption reached its apex. The Marcos government was labeled a kleptocracy, literally meaning that it was a government ruled by thieves. A kleptocracy can be defined as a dishonest form of governmental corruption where the government exists solely to increase the personal wealth and power of its officials and the ruling class without regard for the wider population. On September 21, 1972, Marcos declared Martial Law. This marked the beginning of the Marcos dictatorship. Proclamation 1081 placed the entire country under the military. It was signed on September 21, 1972 and announced to the nation in the evening of September 23, 1972. His main reason for declaring Martial Law as to save the Republic and to reform society. He explained that the growing violence in the nation, caused by the leftists and the rightist’s elements had come to certain magnitude that required martial law. During this time, violation of human rights of the people in the rural areas was rampant. Upon his orders, the military picked up and detained thousands of Filipinos suspected of rebellion. Hundreds of detainees were tortured by their captors. Some disappeared and were never found again. Many were held in military detention camps for years without trial. As a result of the foregoing measured, the crime rate in the country was reduced significantly. People became law-abiding. But these good gains did not last long. After a year of martial law, crime rates started to soar. By the time Marcos was removed from power, the peace and order situation in the country had become worse. The rampant violation of human rights of the people in the rural areas suspected of being NPA sympathizers, the injustices committed by some government officials and powerful and influential persons, and the continuing poverty of the people were used as propaganda of the NPA in attracting idealistic young people. Even priests and nuns who were witnesses to the oppression of the Marcos dictatorship join the NPAs. The assassination of Aquino was reported to have awakened the Filipinos to the evils of Marcos as a dictator. Millions of Filipinos who sympathized with Ninoy’s bereaved family, joined the funeral march to mourn for the death of an intelligent leader and to express their feelings against Marcos. August 13, 1985 was the beginning of the end for Marcos. Fifty-six members of Parliament called for his impeachment for graft, corruption, and other high crimes. Marcos called a new election for 1986. His opponent was Corazon Aquino, the widow of Benigno. Marcos claimed a 1.6 million vote victory, but observers found a 800,000 win by Aquino. A People Power movement quickly developed, driving the Marcoses into exile in Hawaii, and affirming Aquinos election. Ninoy Aquino was a great lost to the Philippines. I think that he could have been a great president. Even though some say that he was a â€Å"fake hero† because he really didn’t accomplish anything and that he was â€Å"fighting for himself only† which is according to some comments that I read in some sites, for me he’s really a hero and these things that they said is absurd in my opinion.

Driverless Metro Train With Obstacle Detector Engineering Essay

Driverless Metro Train With Obstacle Detector Engineering Essay INTRODUCTION This project is designed to understand the technology used in driver less metro train. This technology is the future of the metro train. This train will be equipped with the microcontroller as the CPU, Sensors, Displays, and Motors. These trains will be designed for following the specific path. This microcontroller will be programmed such that door opens and close automatically when the train reaches its station. This microcontroller will be programmed for a specific path so that it knows the distance between two stations. It also opens the door when train reaches the station for a certain time and then closes. Also if the train is following its path and in front of train an obstacle is detected the sensor will sense the obstacle from a safer distance so that the train can be stopped before accident. In this project we are using the same pattern described above. Here we are using AT89S52 microcontroller as a CPU. One stepper motor is used for the train so that it can travel between the stations. Second, motor is used for the door open and close. For displaying the number of station and emergency message we are using 2 line LCD displays. Here the train is designed for ten stations numbered 1 to 10. LCD is used to display the message as station number reached. Also buzzer is used as a sound indicator of emergency alarm and door open. Sensor is used to detect the obstacle in front of the train. When the obstacle is detected the buzzer will sound , all the motors stop, and message will be displayed on the LCD. When the obstacle is removed the train will again start moving on its path. The train equipped with microcontroller controls LCD L293D motor driving IC PIR sensor Buzzer Led LIST OF COMPONENTS 1 IC 8051 MC (AT89S52) 1 2 IC L293D 1 3 Transformer (120 V to 12V) 1 4 Voltage Regulator 7806 1 5 Voltage Regulator 7812 1 6 2 X16 LCD display 1 7 Stepper Motor 2 8 Crystal Oscillator (11.0592 MHz) 2 9 Switch 1 10 LED 1 11 Resistors (1k,10k,8.2k,18 SIP10kÃŽÂ ©)- pack of each 12 Capacitors(22pf,10uf,1mf,10nf) pack of each 13 Diode IN4007 4 14 Buzzer 1 15 Transistor (5474A) 1 16 PIR 1 WORKING OF PROJECT: Driver less metro train project is typically based on microcontroller. Where microcontroller used as a CPU is controlling the entire circuit. The micro IC is programmed to follow the sequence of instruction or interrupts generated during the whole operation. The whole project circuit is divided into different parts so that it is easy to understand and debug. The main parts are Main microcontroller circuit L293D motor driving circuit Power supply circuit LCD circuit PIR sensor circuit These four parts are connected together to make the whole project functional. BLOCK DIAGRAM led POWER SUPPLY MICRO 8051 L293D IC MOTOR SENSOR PIR LCD 2X16 BUZZER CIRCUIT DESIGN (MULTISIM DESIGN, ULTIBOARD DESIGN) POWER SUPPLY For explaining the working of the project firstly we explain the architecture of the power supply. For this project we need the power supply that can convert 120V to 12V and 6 V. the main components used in the power supply are: DC POWER SUPPLLY Transformer (120V to 12V Step down, 0.5Amp) IN4007 diodes connected I bridge shape Voltage regulator 7806 and 7812 Capacitor (1uf,10 nf) Resistor (10 kohm) The 120 volts is step down by 12 volts by transformer. Then this 12V is rectified by the bridge rectifier made up of diodes. This bridge rectifier is used to provide DC voltage. Then the 12V is regulated by 7806 to 6V and 7812 to 12V. 1 micro farad capacitor is used to filter the pulsating DC voltage in order to get the pure DC. Here 6V is given to the microcontroller circuit. Other, 12V is given to the motor driving circuit. Here Voltage regulator is used so that no fluctuation occurs in order to get constant voltage. The LED attaches to check the correctness of power supply. PIR SENSOR PIR stands for Passive infrared sensor which detects the motion of the obstacle in front of the train. Its pin 1 is connected to the VCC, pin 3 connected to the ground and pin 2 is connected to the base 0 of the transistor. The output of the sensor is active high which is given to the base of the transistor. This transistor act like a not gate and convert active high input to active low output of the transistor output. The collector of the transistor is connected to the microcontroller port 3.0. Resistance is connected to the base of the transistor to prevent overflow of the current. The output of the PIR sensor is digital. When PIR sensor senses the obstacle in front of the it sends active low input through transistor to the microcontroller as a interrupt. When microcontroller gets this interrupt the programming in the microcontroller stops all the motor bringing the train to stop. Also the led will glow and buzzer will sound showing the presence of obstacle. LCD MODULE In our project we are using 2 line and 16 digit LCD display. This lcd has 16 pins. It is connected as a parallel port to the microcontroller. Here we are using 14 pins two pins are not being used. Out of these 14 pins, 8 pins are used for data lines to communicate with the microcontroller. These 8 pins are connected to the port 2.0 to port 2.7 of the microcontroller. When the message is to be displayed by the microcontroller it is transferred through these data pins. Here data bit D7 is used for showing the busy message. When D7=1 the LCD is busy and when it is D7=0 than it is not. RW, EN, and RD are connected to the port 3 pins P3.5 to P3.7. EN pin is used to detect the high to low pulse. RS=1 is used for register select that is data register to display data coming from microcontroller and RS=0 command register to get command from microcontroller like clrscr. For data register RS =1 and for command register RS=0. For RW we have R=1 and W=0. VCC pin is connected to 5V power supply, G ND pin is connected to ground. CV pin is connected to potentiometer which is used to adjust the contrast of the LCD. MOTOR DRIVING CIRCUIT The motor driving circuit depends upon the output of the microcontroller. 2 motors are connected to L293D IC. This IC is used separately to drive motor because the microcontroller voltage is low to drive the motors. L293D act as a amplifier for driving the motor. Here the output of the IC is same as the input the difference is just that the input voltage is amplified. Two motors are connected to the output of the IC. This L293D IC can rotate motor in either direction. L293D is connected to the port0 of the microcontroller through pull up resistor. In the staring both the motor are in off state. Each motor has two pins that are connected to the IC. Here instead of using both motor we are using CD tray motor that will act like a gate which will open when it get open command from microcontroller and close with the close command. we are using stepper motor that is a electro-mechanical rotary actuator that converts electrical pulses into unique shaft rotations. This rotation is directly r elated to the number of pulses. This motor can be operated in forward/reverse with controllable speed from a microcontroller through a transistor driver circuit. This stepper motor is a (4 phase) 12 VDC, 150 mA motor that takes 3.6 degrees per step. Phase resistance (Ohms): 75 Â · Current (mA): 150 Â · Phase Inductance (mH): 39 Â · Detent torque (g-cm): 80 Â · Holding Torque (g-cm): 600 Â · Mounting hole space diagonal (in.): 1.73 Â · Mounting hole (in.) 0.11 Â · Shaft diameter (in.): 0.197 Â · Shaft length (in.): 0.43 Â · Motor Diameter (in.): 1.66 Â ·Motor height (in.): 1.35 Â · Weight: 0.55 lbs. BUZZER C:UsersAdminDesktopimages (1).jpg In this project buzzer is used as a alarm indicator. Buzzer has 2 pins its positive is connected to the supply voltage and negative pin is connected to microcontroller at port 1 pin p1.0. Buzzer will sound when it receive 0 from the microcontroller and stop when it receive 1 from P1.0. This buzzer will sound when the train reaches the station and also in case of emergency when obstacle is detected. AT89S52 C:UsersAdminDesktopAT89S52-MICROCONTROLLER-configuration.jpg The AT89S52 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with 8K bytes of in-system programmable Flash memory. The device is manufactured using Atmels high-density nonvolatile memory technology and is compatible with the industry-standard 80C51 instruction set and pinout. The on-chip Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-system or by a conventional nonvolatile memory programmer. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with in-system programmable Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel AT89S52 is a powerful microcontroller which provides a highly-flexible and cost-effective solution to many embedded control applications. The AT89S52 provides the following standard features: 8K bytes of Flash, 256 bytes of RAM, 32 I/O lines, Watchdog timer, two data pointers, three 16-bit timer/counters, a six-vector two-level interrupt architecture, a full duplex serial port, on-chip oscillator, and clock circuitry. In addition, the AT89S52 is designed with static logic for operation down to zero frequency and supports two software selectable power saving modes. The Idle Mode stops the CPU while allowing the RAM, timer/counters, serial port, and interrupt system to continue functioning. In this microcontroller 11.0592 crystal oscillator is used to produce clock pulses for the microcontroller functioning. These clock pulses are used for R/W cycle. 2 ceramic capacitor of 22pf are used to provide pure pulse to the microcontroller. A combination of resistance 10 kilo ohm and capacitor of 10uf are used to provide reset circuitry. When we provide power to microcontroller it should be reset for some time. The reset time is given by t= 1.1*R*C. This reset circuitry is connected to port 1 reset pin; this circuit can be manually reset using switch which is also connected to the reset pin. Interrupt pin INTO is connected to the output of the transistor which gives active low input as a interrupt. Port 0 is connected to 18 (10 kohm) SIP resistors to provide the external pull up. Port is used for the output to the motor driver circuit. Port 2 is connected to the LCD module. TROUBLESHOOT 1-Care should be taken while choosing the components with proper rating. 2- Power supply should maintain preventing short circuit. 3- Project should be handled with care since IC is delicate. 4- Project circuit should be simple so that it is to debug. 5-Etching and drilling holes should be done carefully. 6-Soldering should be done with proper precaution Advantages 1-Lower expenditure for staff .However, service and security personnel is common in automated systems. 2-Trains can be shorter and instead run more frequently without increasing expenditure for staff. 3-Service frequency can easily be adjusted to meet sudden unexpected demands.. 4-Intruder detection systems can be more effective than humans in stopping trains if someone is on the tracks. 5-Financial savings in both energy and wear-and-tear costs because trains are driven to an optimum specification. FUTURE SCOPE This project will be useful for the metro trains. This is very low cost project that can be help full in operating the train without driver. One can operate the train from remote distance. It will also be beneficial for the developing countries decreasing the cost of labors. Also the station information and emergency will also be displayed to the passengers. It will going to increase the technology trends. This is just a scratch to start this project there is a lot of improvement can be done in this project APPENDIX CODING FOR PROJECT #include void delay(unsigned int); void lcdcmd(unsigned char); void lcddata(unsigned char); void lcdready(); void welcome(); void obstacle(); void station(); void gate(); sfr ldata = 0xA0; sbit rs = P3^7; sbit rw = P3^6; sbit en = P3^5; sbit busy = P2^7; sbit m11 = P0^0; sbit m12 = P0^1; sbit m21 = P0^2; sbit m22 = P0^3; sbit alarm = P1^0; sbit led = P1^1; void ad(void) interrupt 0 { P0 = 0x00; alarm = 0; obstacle(); } void main(void) { IT0 = 0; // Configure interrupt 0 for falling edge on /INT0 (P3.2) EX0 = 1; // Enable EX0 Interrupt EA = 1; // Enable Global Interrupt Flag P0 = 0x00; alarm = 1; led = 1; m11 = m12 = m21 = m22 = 0; lcdcmd(0x38); lcdcmd(0x0E); lcdcmd(0x01); lcdcmd(0x06); lcdcmd(0x81); while(1) { welcome(); station(); lcddata(1); led = 0; gate(); led = 1; m11 = 1; delay(1000); m11 = 0; station(); lcddata(2); led = 0; gate(); led = 1; m11 = 1; delay(1000); m11 = 0; station(); lcddata(3); led = 0; gate(); led = 1; m11 = 1; delay(1000); m11 = 0; station(); lcddata(4); led = 0; gate(); led = 1; m11 = 1; delay(1000); m11 = 0; station(); lcddata(5); led = 0; gate(); led = 1; m11 = 1; delay(1000); m11 = 0; station(); lcddata(6); led = 0; gate(); led = 1; m11 = 1; delay(1000); m11 = 0; station(); lcddata(7); led = 0; gate(); led = 1; m11 = 1; delay(1000); m11 = 0; station(); lcddata(8); led = 0; gate(); led = 1; m11 = 1; delay(1000); m11 = 0; station(); lcddata(9); led = 0; gate(); led = 1; m11 = 1; delay(1000); m11 = 0; station(); lcddata(1); lcddata(0); led = 0 ; gate(); led = 1; } } void gate() { m21 = 1; m22 = 0; delay(200); m21 = m22 = 0; delay(300); m21 = 0; m22 = 1; delay(200); m21 = m22 = 0; } void welcome() { unsigned char proj1[] = Metro Rail; unsigned char z; lcdcmd(0x01); lcdcmd(0x83); for(z = 0; z { lcddata(proj1[z]); } delay(200); } void obstacle() { unsigned char obs1[] = Obstacle; unsigned char obs2[] = Detected; unsigned char z; lcdcmd(0x01); lcdcmd(0x84); for(z = 0; z { lcddata(obs1[z]); } delay(100); lcdcmd(0xC4); for(z = 0; z { lcddata(obs2[z]); } } void station() { unsigned char st[] = Station ; unsigned char z; lcdcmd(0x01); lcdcmd(0x83); for(z = 0; z { lcddata(st[z]); } } void delay(unsigned int itime) { unsigned int i,j; for(i=0;i for(j=0;j } void lcdcmd(unsigned char value) { lcdready(); ldata = value; rs = 0; rw = 0; en = 1; delay(1); en = 0; return; } void lcddata(unsigned char value) { lcdready(); ldata = value; rs = 1; rw = 0; en = 1; delay(1); en = 0; return; } void lcdready() { busy = 1; rs = 0; rw = 1; while(busy == 1) { en = 0; delay(1); en = 1; } return; }

The Opposing Goals of Comfort and Power in Shakespeares Macbeth :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

The Opposing Goals of Comfort and Power in Macbeth  Ã‚  Ã‚   People have a hard time getting what they want; in fact, the things they want can be incompatible with each other and any attempt to reach one of these goals hurt the other.   In William Shakespeare’s Macbeth (1606), the protagonist is lured to murder the king, Duncan, by the desire for power, an appetite whetted by witch’s prophecies and his wife’s encouragement. But when he reaches the kingship, he finds himself insecure. He attempts to remove threats that decrease his security, including his companion Banquo and his son Fleance, prophesied to be king. His lords grow angry and revolt successfully, after witches lure Macbeth into a false sense of security by further foretelling. In Macbeth, we see that, despite appearances of paradox, man’s goals of comfort and power are forever opposed in increment, though the two may decline together. The power from knowledge causes discomfort. As often has been said, ignorance is bliss. After Macbeth is promised the throne, Banquo asks why Macbeth is less than ecstatic. "Good sir, why do you start, and seem to fear / Things that do sound so fair?" (Act I, Scene 3, p. 332) Macbeth’s new knowledge makes him uncomfortable, as he realizes the implications. His first thoughts considering murdering Duncan appear, and he is scared. After he commits the murder, Macbeth says, "To know my deed, 'twere best not know myself." (Act II, Scene 2, p. 347) Knowing that has committed such a vile act makes him uncomfortable. It will be difficult to act innocent and to deal with his guilt. When he later decides to murder Banquo and Fleance, he tells his wife, "Be innocent of the knowledge, dearest chuck, / Till thou applaud the deed." (Act III, Scene 2, p. 359) Hecate sets Macbeth up for his final fall, explaining her strategy, "As by the strength of their illusion Shall draw him on to his confusion. He shall spurn fate, scorn death, and bear His hopes 'bove wisdom, grace, and fear. And you all know security Is mortals' chiefest enemy." (Act III, Scene 5, p. 365) The security provided by the second set of predictions is only fleeting. Feeling there is no threat to his power, Macbeth acts wildly, bringing his downfall and loss of both comfort and security. The problem with knowledge was that it was power resulting in a decline in comfort. The Opposing Goals of Comfort and Power in Shakespeare's Macbeth :: GCSE English Literature Coursework The Opposing Goals of Comfort and Power in Macbeth  Ã‚  Ã‚   People have a hard time getting what they want; in fact, the things they want can be incompatible with each other and any attempt to reach one of these goals hurt the other.   In William Shakespeare’s Macbeth (1606), the protagonist is lured to murder the king, Duncan, by the desire for power, an appetite whetted by witch’s prophecies and his wife’s encouragement. But when he reaches the kingship, he finds himself insecure. He attempts to remove threats that decrease his security, including his companion Banquo and his son Fleance, prophesied to be king. His lords grow angry and revolt successfully, after witches lure Macbeth into a false sense of security by further foretelling. In Macbeth, we see that, despite appearances of paradox, man’s goals of comfort and power are forever opposed in increment, though the two may decline together. The power from knowledge causes discomfort. As often has been said, ignorance is bliss. After Macbeth is promised the throne, Banquo asks why Macbeth is less than ecstatic. "Good sir, why do you start, and seem to fear / Things that do sound so fair?" (Act I, Scene 3, p. 332) Macbeth’s new knowledge makes him uncomfortable, as he realizes the implications. His first thoughts considering murdering Duncan appear, and he is scared. After he commits the murder, Macbeth says, "To know my deed, 'twere best not know myself." (Act II, Scene 2, p. 347) Knowing that has committed such a vile act makes him uncomfortable. It will be difficult to act innocent and to deal with his guilt. When he later decides to murder Banquo and Fleance, he tells his wife, "Be innocent of the knowledge, dearest chuck, / Till thou applaud the deed." (Act III, Scene 2, p. 359) Hecate sets Macbeth up for his final fall, explaining her strategy, "As by the strength of their illusion Shall draw him on to his confusion. He shall spurn fate, scorn death, and bear His hopes 'bove wisdom, grace, and fear. And you all know security Is mortals' chiefest enemy." (Act III, Scene 5, p. 365) The security provided by the second set of predictions is only fleeting. Feeling there is no threat to his power, Macbeth acts wildly, bringing his downfall and loss of both comfort and security. The problem with knowledge was that it was power resulting in a decline in comfort.